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FEDERALhearing transcript

1971 Senate Hearings on Surface Mining Legislation

Original title: Surface mining. Part 2: hearings before the Subcommittee on Minerals, Materials, and Fuels of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, United States Senate, pursuant to S. Res. 45, a national fuels and energy policy study, Ninety-second Congress, first session, on S. 77, S. 630, S. 993, S. 1160, S. 1240, S. 1498, S. 2455, and S. 2777, pending surface mining legislation, November 16, 17, and December 2, 1971 ...

July 20, 2026

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The Frame

What this does

These hearings represent the legislative process for eight proposed federal bills (S. 77, S. 630, S. 993, S. 1160, S. 1240, S. 1498, S. 2455, and S. 2777) that sought to establish federal standards for operations across the United States.

Who is mentioned in the record

Potentially affected actors named in the source documents. Mention is not a position.

Mining industry operators

The proposed legislation under discussion would establish new federal regulatory requirements for surface mining operations.

Federal government

The subcommittee is tasked with evaluating and potentially drafting federal policy regarding energy and mining resources.

What changed

Last recorded activity July 20, 2026.

What's next

Next step not available in the current record.

Summary

This document records the proceedings of the U.S. Senate Subcommittee on Minerals, Materials, and Fuels regarding eight separate bills aimed at regulating practices. The hearings were conducted over three days in late 1971 as part of a broader national fuels and energy policy study.

Key Facts

  • The Subcommittee on Minerals, Materials, and Fuels held hearings on November 16, 17, and December 2, 1971.
  • The hearings were held pursuant to S. Res. 45, which mandated a national fuels and energy policy study.
  • Eight specific bills were under review: S. 77, S. 630, S. 993, S. 1160, S. 1240, S. 1498, S. 2455, and S. 2777.
  • The hearings took place during the first session of the Ninety-second Congress.

Why It Matters

These hearings represent the legislative process for eight proposed federal bills (S. 77, S. 630, S. 993, S. 1160, S. 1240, S. 1498, S. 2455, and S. 2777) that sought to establish federal standards for operations across the United States.

Frequently Asked Questions

What was the purpose of these hearings?
The hearings were held to gather information and testimony regarding eight proposed bills aimed at regulating as part of a national energy policy study.
When did these hearings take place?
The hearings were held on November 16, November 17, and December 2, 1971.

News Coverage

No news coverage found yet. Articles are indexed twice daily.

Discoveries

Patterns POLISCOPE noticed across the record. These are observations to investigate, not conclusions.

policy shift90% confidence

Consolidation of Mining Legislation

The subcommittee reviewed eight distinct bills simultaneously, indicating a coordinated effort to synthesize various legislative approaches to surface mining.

Connected Entities

organizationCommittee on Interior and Insular AffairsThe parent committee overseeing the subcommittee.Map →
organizationSubcommittee on Minerals, Materials, and FuelsThe congressional body conducting the hearings.Map →

Sources

Open source document

www.govinfo.gov

Analysis Score

0–100
  • Significance60
    How much this matters to a regular citizen
  • Controversy40
    Intensity of disagreement among stakeholders
  • Entertainment10
    Compellingness for a non-policy-wonk reader
  • Buzz5
    Current news / social attention level

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