Planning Commission Meeting - Dial 1-415-655-0001 Access Code: 146 581 6297

AGENDA REGULAR MEETING OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION AND PARKS AND RECREATION COMMISSION March 2, 2022 7:00 P.M. Adelanto Governmental Center City Council Chambers 11600 Air Expressway, Adelanto 1 11600 Air Expressway • Adelanto, CA 92301 • (760) 246-2300 • www.ci.adelanto.ca.us Meetings held: 1st and 3rd Wednesday Planning Commission Parks & Recreation Commission Chris Waggener, Chair Terry Delgado, Vice Chair Angelo Meza, Commissioner Laura Villa, Commissioner Miguel Soto Jr., Commissioner Development Services David Martinez City Attorney Marc Tran Until further notice, only Commissioners and essential staff are allowed to be physically present inside Council Chambers, and will be seated the recommended distance from each other. Public participation is solely via call-in or via written correspondence. TO PARTICIPATE, please call, email, or send mail to the contact info provided below/on the Planning Commission Agenda. On March 4, 2020, Governor Newsom proclaimed a State of Emergency in California as a result of the threat of COVID-19. On September 16, 2021, Governor Newsom signed Assembly Bill 361 (“AB 361”), which was effective immediately and amends Government Code § 54953 to allow a local legislative body to hold public meetings via teleconferencing and to make public meetings accessible telephonically or otherwise electronically to all members of the public seeking to observe and to address the local legislative body. Pursuant to AB 361, please be advised that members of the Adelanto City Council may participate in meetings telephonically. Pursuant to AB 361, the public may view the meeting and participate in public comment remotely as follows: • All of our meetings are streamed live at https://adelanto.granicus.com/ViewPublisher.php?view_id=1 and are also available for playback after the meeting. • Participate via web-ex at https://ci-adelanto-ca.webex.com/ci-adelanto- ca/j.php?MTID=m95d0d169485f2fe98a484080589943ef • To Participate and Call in for public comments: Please call 1-415-655-0001 along with conference code 146 581 6297 Should you wish to speak on the item push *3, you will be placed in the que. *Please Note – This process will be a learning curve for all, please be patient.

REGULAR MEETING PLANNING COMMISSION PARK AND RECREATION COMMISSION March 2, 2022 2 11600 Air Expressway • Adelanto, CA 92301 • (760) 246-2300 • www.ci.adelanto.ca. • Submit written comments: We encourage submittal of written comments supporting, opposing, or otherwise commenting on an agenda item, for distribution to the Planning Commission prior to the meeting. Send emails to nallen@ci.adelanto.ca.us; written correspondence may be sent to Nyeka Allen, 11600 Air Expressway Adelanto CA 92301. TIME: ________________ ROLL CALL: Chair Waggener ______ Vice Chair Delgado ______ Commissioner Meza ______ Commissioner Soto ______ Commissioner Villa ______ INVOCATION: FLAG SALUTE: Director of Development Services to announce if there are any additions/removals of items from the agenda. C. PRESENTATIONS A. CALL TO ORDER B. DELETIONS/ADDITIONS TO AGENDA D. CONFLICT OF INTEREST Planning Commissioners will announce any possible Conflicts of Interests for the Planning Commission Meeting.

REGULAR MEETING PLANNING COMMISSION PARK AND RECREATION COMMISSION March 2, 2022 3 11600 Air Expressway • Adelanto, CA 92301 • (760) 246-2300 • www.ci.adelanto.ca. Opened at: ________________________ Closed at: _______________________________ This is the time and place for members of the public to comment on any matter within the jurisdiction of the Planning Commission. Members of the public wishing to address the Planning Commission Members on items not on the agenda can push *3 on their telephones to raise their hands. The Planning Secretary will call on you in the order received. You will be asked to un-mute - to do so you must push *6. Please state your name for the record. There is a time limit of three (3) minutes. Members of the audience may address the Planning Commission on non-agenda items; however, in accordance with Government Code section 54954.2, the Planning Commission may not take action on an item not appearing on the agenda. PUBLIC HEARING OPEN: ________ PUBLIC HEARING CLOSED: __________ 1. Speed Zoning Engineering and Traffic Study - A draft speed zone study will be presented to the Planning Commission. The study recommends speed limit increases or no changes to the speed limit at various street segments throughout Adelanto. STAFF RECOMMENDATION: Recommend the attached Speed Zoning Engineering and Traffic Study for adoption by city council E. PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS F. CONSENT CALENDAR – PLANNING COMMISSION Items on the Consent Calendar are considered routine in nature, require no further discussion by the Planning Commission, and may be acted on in one motion unless a member of the Planning Commission or staff requests a separate discussion on an item. G. PUBLIC HEARING – PLANNING COMMISSION

REGULAR MEETING PLANNING COMMISSION PARK AND RECREATION COMMISSION March 2, 2022 4 11600 Air Expressway • Adelanto, CA 92301 • (760) 246-2300 • www.ci.adelanto.ca. M_________________________S________________________ACTION___________ PUBLIC HEARING OPEN: ________ PUBLIC HEARING CLOSED: __________ 2. Code Amendment (CA) 22-01 / Ordinance No. 623 Adoption – Proposal to amend Title 17 of the Adelanto Municipal Code to adopt Chapter 17.195 (Reasonable Accommodation in Housing) by adding Section 17.195 to establish Fair Housing Reasonable Accommodation procedures, pursuant to State Law. STAFF RECOMMENDATION: Adopt Resolution 22-04 recommending that the City Council find the proposed Ordinance No. 623 Adoption Categorically Exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to Section 15061(b)(3) and Approve Code Amendment 22-01/Ordinance No. 623 to adopt Chapter 17.195 of the Adelanto Municipal Code, based on the findings. RESOLUTION NO. P-22-04 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF ADELANTO, COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO, STATE OF CALIFORNIA, RECOMMENDING THAT THE CITY COUNCIL ADOPT ORDINANCE NO. 623 ADDING CHAPTER 17.195 (REASONABLE ACCOMMODATION IN HOUSING) OF TITLE 17 (ZONING ORDINANCE) OF THE ADELANTO MUNICIPAL CODE TO ESTABLISH FAIR HOUSING REASONABLE ACCOMMODATION PROCEDURES. ORDINANCE NO. 623 AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ADELANTO ADDING CHAPTER 17.195 (REASONABLE ACCOMODATIONS IN HOUSING) OF TITLE 17 (ZONING ORDINANCE) TO THE ADELANTO MUNICIPAL CODE TO ESTABLISH FAIR HOUSING REASONABLE ACCOMMODATION PROCEDURES M_________________________S________________________ACTION___________ PUBLIC HEARING OPEN: ________ PUBLIC HEARING CLOSED: __________

REGULAR MEETING PLANNING COMMISSION PARK AND RECREATION COMMISSION March 2, 2022 5 11600 Air Expressway • Adelanto, CA 92301 • (760) 246-2300 • www.ci.adelanto.ca. 3. Tentative Parcel Map 20453- Proposal to subdivide a 10-acre parcel into four (4) parcels on the property located at 9120 Cactus Road in Airport Park (AP)zoning district in the City of Adelanto, California (APN:3129-511-13). STAFF RECOMMENDATION: ADOPT Resolution No. P-22-10 to ADOPT the Categorical Exemption (CE) and APPROVE Tentative Parcel Map 20453, based on the findings and subject to Conditions of Approval. RESOLUTION P-22-10 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF ADELANTO, SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA, ADOPTING THE CATEGORICAL EXEMPTION AND MAKING FINDINGS AND APPROVING TENTATIVE PARCEL MAP 20453 TO SUBDIVIDE ONE 10-ACRE PARCEL INTO FOUR (4) LOTS ON A SITE LOCATED AT 9120 CACTUS ROAD WITHIN THE AIRPORT PARK (AP) ZONING DISTRICT IN THE CITY OF ADELANTO, COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO (ASSESSOR PARCEL NUMBER: 3129-511-13) M__________________________S________________________ACTION_________ I. NEW BUSINESS J. PLANNING MANAGER/COMMISSIONER’S ANNOUNCEMENTS AND/OR REPORTS 1. Director Development Services Comments 2. Planning / Parks and Recreation Commissioner Comment H. PARKS AND RECREATION COMMISSION ITEMS

REGULAR MEETING PLANNING COMMISSION PARK AND RECREATION COMMISSION March 2, 2022 6 11600 Air Expressway • Adelanto, CA 92301 • (760) 246-2300 • www.ci.adelanto.ca. TIME OUT: ____________ M_________________________S________________________ACTION___________ L. DECLARATION OF POSTING I, NYEKA ALLEN, CITY CLERK OF THE CITY OF ADELANTO, OR MY DESIGNEE, HEREBY CERTIFY THAT A TRUE, ACCURATE COPY OF THE FOREGOING AGENDA WAS POSTED ON MARCH 24, 2022, SEVENTY-TWO (72) HOURS PRIOR TO THE MEETING PER GOVERNMENT CODE 54954.2 IN THE GOVERNMENTAL CENTER’S DISPLAY CASE, 11600 AIR EXPRESSWAY, AT THE ADELANTO POST OFFICE AND AT THE ADELANTO LIBRARY. Nyeka Allen Nyeka Allen Secretary of Planning Commission K. ADJOURNMENT

Adelanto City Hall ~ 11600 Air Expressway, Adelanto, CA 92301 ~ (760) 246-2300 ~ Fax (442) 249-1121 REGULAR MEETING OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION AND PARKS AND RECREATION COMMISSION March 2, 2022 • On March 4, 2020, Governor Newsom proclaimed a State of Emergency in California as a result of the threat of COVID-19. On September 16, 2021, Governor Newsom signed Assembly Bill 361 (“AB 361”), which was effective immediately and amends Government Code § 54953 to allow a local legislative body to hold public meetings via teleconferencing and to make public meetings accessible telephonically or otherwise electronically to all members of the public seeking to observe and to address the local legislative body. Pursuant to AB 361, please be advised that members of the Adelanto City Council may participate in meetings telephonically. • Pursuant to AB 361, the public may view the meeting and participate in public comment remotely as follows: • All of our meetings are streamed live at https://adelanto.granicus.com/ViewPublisher.php?view_id=1 and are also available for playback after the meeting. • To Participate and Call in for public comments: Please call Please call 1-415-655-0001 along with conference code 146 581 6297# Should you wish to speak on the item push *3, you will be placed in the que. *Please Note – This process will be a learning curve for all, please be patient. • Submit written comments: We encourage submittal of written comments supporting, opposing, or otherwise commenting on an agenda item, for distribution to the City Council prior to the meeting. Send emails to nallen@ci.adelanto.ca.us; written correspondence may be sent to Nyeka Allen, 11600 Air Expressway Adelanto CA 92301. TIME TELECONFERENCE 7:00 p.m. To Participate and and Call in for public comments: Please call 1-415-655-0001 along with conference code 146 581 6297# Should you wish to speak on the item push *3, you will be placed in the que. * DATED: February 24, 2022 Nyeka Allen Planning Secretary

PLANNING COMMISSION AGENDA REPORT DATE: March 2, 2022 TO: Honorable Chairman and Members of the Planning Commission FROM: BY: Dave Martinez, Development Services Director Brian D. Wolfe, City Engineer SUBJECT: Speed zone study for Adelanto. REQUESTED ACTION: Recommend the attached Speed Zoning Engineering and Traffic Study for adoption by city council. BACKGROUND: Speed limits must be determined according to an engineering and traffic study per the California Vehicle Code (CVC). Means and methods for conducting a speed survey are established in the California Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD). Vehicular speeds are measured using radar devices, thereby collecting data used for the study. The MUTCD recommends said studies every 14 years maximum to revaluate established speed limits. Without an adopted engineering and traffic study to justify a posted speed limit, violations cannot be cited by law enforcement. DESCRIPTION: Speed limits regulate driving speed and are a component of every safe, operating road network for motorists, bicyclists and pedestrians. Said speed limits are generally established based on prevailing speed within a given road segment. A study must also consider collision history and overall roadside conditions when recommending speed limits. Dave Evens and Associates performed radar surveys at 68 road segments within Adelanto. Field research and analysis of collision data throughout the city was also included. 23 road segments show a recommended speed limit increase of 5 miles per hour (mph). Furthermore 10 road segments show a recommended speed limit increase of 10 (mph). Speed limits at 22 segments will remain unchanged and 13 segments with no posted mph should be assigned a posted speed limit. Staff has reviewed this report and recommends adoption by city council. Upon approval city staff will, upon direction by city management, change posted speed limits per this report. Therefore staff is requesting recommendation by the Planning Commission for city council approval. ATTACHMENTS: Attachment A: Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey, February 8, 2022.

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Ref. ADEL0000-2003 February 8, 2022 Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto This Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey has been prepared under the direction of a licensed Traffic Engineer in the State of California. The surveys, analysis, findings, and recommendations in this study were prepared in accordance with the applicable sections of the California Vehicle Code (as revised effective January 1, 2022) and the California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (2014 Edition, Revision 6). Prepared By: James M. Daisa, TE (1624) Senior Transportation Project Manager / Associate David Evans and Associates, Inc. 4141 E. Inland Empire Boulevard, Suite 250 Ontario, CA, 91764

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Contents I. Summary of Recommendations......................................................................................................................4 II. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................7 III. Speed Zoning Principles and Practice .............................................................................................................7 A. Prevailing Speeds and Establishing Speed Limits ........................................................................................7 B. Collision Records .........................................................................................................................................9 C. Conditions Not Readily Apparent to Motorists...........................................................................................9 IV. State of California Speed Regulations and Codes .........................................................................................10 V. Existing Speed Zones in Adelanto .................................................................................................................10 VI. Methodology ................................................................................................................................................10 VII. Speed Limit Recommendations ....................................................................................................................14 A. List of Roads Grouped by Recommended Increase in Speed Limit...........................................................19 VIII. Appendices ...................................................................................................................................................20 List of Figures Figure 1: City of Adelanto Speed Zones and Posted Speed Limits ........................................................................11 Figure 2: City of Adelanto Speed Survey Locations...............................................................................................12 List of Tables Table 1: Summary of Recommended Changes to Speed Limits in the City of Adelanto.........................................4 Table 2: Total Collisions by Severity, City of Adelanto, 2014-2019.......................................................................13 Table 3: Speed Zone Analysis and Recommended Speed Limits ..........................................................................15

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 4 I. Summary of Recommendations The speed limit recommendations shown in Table 1 were determined in accordance with the requirements of the California Vehicle Code and the California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. Table 1: Summary of Recommended Changes to Speed Limits in the City of Adelanto

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 5 Table 1: Summary of Recommended Changes to Speed Limits in the City of Adelanto (Continued)

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 6 Table 1: Summary of Recommended Changes to Speed Limits in the City of Adelanto (Continued)

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 7 II. Introduction This Engineering and Traffic (E&T) Survey is the basis for the establishing and enforcing speed limits for streets for 68 street segments throughout the City of Adelanto. E&T Surveys are required by the State of California to establish speed limits on local streets and to enforce those limits using radar or other speed measuring devices. The California Vehicle Code (CVC) requires that the surveys be conducted based on the methodology required by the most current edition of The California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (California MUTCD). The 2014 edition of the California MUTCD states that local agencies should conduct engineering studies at least once every 5, 7 or 14 years, to conform with Section 40802 of the CVC to reevaluate speed limits on segments of their roadways that have undergone significant changes since the last review. Speed limits regulate motorists’ driving speed and are required to be visibly posted on the roadside to inform drivers of the maximum safe speed at which to travel. Research and historical evidence have demonstrated that prudent drivers will travel at reasonable and safe speeds given the driving conditions. A reasonable speed limit is one that conforms to the observed speed of drivers that drive within 85 percent or less of the total speeds measured on a given roadway segment. Based on this principle the California Vehicle Code defines a Basic Speed Law which states that: No person shall drive a vehicle upon a highway at a speed greater than is reasonable or prudent having due regard for weather, visibility, the traffic on, and the surface and width of, the highway, and in no event at a speed which endangers the safety of persons or property. (CVC 22350) Speed limits established with an E&TS give law enforcement the ability cite motorists driving at unsafe and reckless speeds or who fail to comply with the Basic Speed Law. Posted speed limits protect motorists, bicyclists, and pedestrians from the demonstrated danger of unsafe vehicular speeds. III. Speed Zoning Principles and Practice The California Vehicle Code (CVC) provides the legal basis for establishing speed limits and defines the minimum requirements that need to be considered by the engineer preparing an E&T Survey (CVC 627). The California MUTCD provides standards, guidelines, and instructions for preparing E&T Surveys based on the requirements established in the CVC. The California MUTCD standards states: “An engineering and traffic survey (E&TS) shall include, among other requirements deemed necessary, consideration of all of the following: A. Prevailing speeds as determined by traffic engineering measurements. B. Collision records. C. Highway, traffic, and roadside conditions not readily apparent to the driver.” Each of these E&T Survey components are described below. A. Prevailing Speeds and Establishing Speed Limits Measuring the prevailing speed of existing uncongested traffic is used to establish speed limit based on the presumption that drivers are prudent and travel at speeds that are generally safe and reasonable. The prevailing speed of a roadway segment, the primary data measurement used in setting an appropriate and legally enforceable speed limit, is determined by radar-based spot speed surveys within the roadway segment

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 8 and direction comprising a speed zone. The survey must measure a sufficient sample of vehicle speeds during generally free-flow traffic conditions. The speeds collected in the surveys is analyzed to extract key statistics from the data that indicate certain speed characteristics and driver and group behaviors used to justify speed limits. The most useful statistical measures include:  85th percentile speed. The 85th percentile speed is the primary measure used to set speed limits. It is the speed that 85 percent of the traffic is moving at or below and represents the speed at which the majority of safe and reasonable drivers will travel given the conditions of the road. Statistically, the 85th percentile speed is defined as one standard deviation above 50th percentile speed (median speed). The CVC and the MUTCD require setting the speed limit to the nearest 5 mph increment from the measured 85th percentile speed. There are exceptions to this standard established in legislation (i.e., school zones) or because of factors “not readily apparent to drivers” identified by the engineer preparing the E&T Survey that justify a lower speed limit. Speed limits established using this process can be enforced by law enforcement and are defensible in court.  10-mph pace. The 10-mph pace is the ten mile-per-hour range of speeds containing the greatest number of observed speeds and is a measure of speed dispersion. It is described by both the speed value at the lower end of the range and the percentage of all vehicles that are within the range; and, thus, is a statistical indicator of speed dispersion. A normal speed distribution contains approximately 70 percent of the vehicles within the pace, with approximately 15 percent of the vehicles below and 15 percent above the limits of the pace speed. The upper limit of the 10-mph pace speed is therefore approximately the 85th percentile speed. It is generally believed that the safest conditions occur when all vehicles on a road segment are traveling at about the same speed.  Percent of vehicles in pace speed. The percent of vehicles in the 10-mph pace speed is an indication of the grouping of vehicular speeds. Large speed differentials between vehicles increases the risk of collisions. The greater the percent of vehicles that are observed to travel within a 10-mph increment of speed, the more favorable the speed distribution with respect to safety. A desirable percent of vehicles in the 10-mph pace is between 60 and 90 percent. The California MUTCD standards regarding setting speed limits include: “When a speed limit is to be posted; it shall be established at the nearest 5 mph increment of the 85th- percentile speed of free-flowing traffic…” Local authorities may establish a speed limit that is reduced by 5 mph from the nearest 5 mph increment of the 85th-percentile speed but are required to document in an E&TS the conditions and justification for the lower speed limit in compliance with CVC Sections 627 and 22358.5 and be approved by a registered engineer. Further, a local authority may, by ordinance, determine and declare a prima facie speed limit that has been reduced an additional five miles per hour within designated safety corridors, and on streets where there is a high concentration of bicyclists or pedestrians, especially those from vulnerable groups such as children, seniors, persons with disabilities, and the unhoused. The CVC laws supporting the MUTCD’s standards, guidelines, and practices are discussed in the next section. The MUTCD does warn that the establishment of a speed limit of more than 5 mph below the 85th percentile speed should be done with great care as studies have shown that establishing a speed limit at less than the 85th percentile generally results in an increase in collision rates; and may make violators of a disproportionate number of the reasonable majority of drivers.

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 9 B. Collision Records The California Manual for Setting Speed Limits1 describes how collision records can be used to determine if future collisions, and especially those resulting in severe injuries or fatalities, might be reduced by lowering speed limits. The Caltrans manual suggests that if comparing actual “collision rates” (collisions per million vehicle miles) within a speed zone with statewide average collision rates for similar roadway types and conditions indicates the speed zone has a higher-than-average collision rate, the E&T Survey should investigate to determine if they are related to the posted speed limit. The focus of the investigation should be on collisions with “unsafe speed” being the Primary Collision Factor (PCF) in locations where drivers may underestimate the effects of higher speeds on crash probability and severity but avoiding collisions occurring within intersections during periods of congestion or in locations with unusual roadway geometrics such as sharp curves where warning signs identify advisory speed limits. In the case of Adelanto, traffic volume counts are not available so collision rates cannot be calculated. However, collision data exists and can be reviewed within each speed zone to identity unusually high numbers of speed related collision. C. Conditions Not Readily Apparent to Motorists The California Manual for Setting Speed Limits defines conditions that are not readily apparent to the motorist “as a condition which, if the motorist were aware, they would adjust their speed accordingly.” Motorists are aware of the width, curvature, grade, lighting, surface conditions, and the density and intensity of roadside development. The CVC specifically prohibits downward speed zoning for these conditions and any other conditions readily apparent to the driver. Special events, construction, recurring or non-recurring congestion, or unusual roadway geometrics marked with warning signs or beacons are also apparent when present. Under such conditions the basic speed law adequately governs driver behavior. Non-apparent conditions include roadway segment serving high volume generators of vehicular, bicycle or pedestrian traffic where the generator or access driveways are not visible to the motorist. These conditions may exist on roads and highways without sidewalks where pedestrians use the edge of the road. Additional examples of conditions not readily apparent to drivers include narrow, unpaved, and non-existent shoulders, constrained sight distances, unusual and hidden roadway geometrics such as dips, agricultural equipment crossings, on-street parking, closely spaced and/or blind driveways, unexpected grade changes, mid-block pedestrian crosswalks, and abrupt cross-sectional width changes. Warning signs, beacons and other traffic control devices should be considered as the first solution for these potential safety conditions before reducing speed limits below the nearest 5 mph increment of the 85th- percentile speed. The State of California provides grant funds for local agencies to conduct Local Roadway Safety Programs (LRSP) which are pre-cursors for agencies to obtain Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP), Active Transportation (ATP), and other safety related funding to address conditions not readily apparent to drivers. The existence of one or more conditions determined as not readily apparent to motorists, and not feasibly resolved by conventional traffic control devices may provide justification for a 5-mph reduction from the 1 California Manual for Setting Speed Limits. Division of Traffic Operations. California Department of Transportation. February 2020.

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 10 nearest 5 mph increment to the 85th percentile if the E&T Survey documents the evidence and engineering judgment support reducing a speed limit warranted by the standard method of setting speed limits. IV. State of California Speed Regulations and Codes Speed regulations in California, as codified in the CVC, establish a maximum speed limit for any passenger vehicle at 65 miles per hour (mph) or 70 mph on certain state highways (CVC 22356). All other speed limits are called prima facie (term derived from a Latin word which means, “at first sight” or “at first view”) limits which are safe and prudent under normal conditions. Prima facie limits established in California law can include speed limits for 70, 65, 55, 25, and 15 mph but the most common are 25 and 15 mph and can only be changed in an E&T Survey. California laws and regulations pertaining to the establishment of local speed limits are summarized in Appendix A. This summary includes current amendments that took effect on January 1, 2022. V. Existing Speed Zones in Adelanto Figure 1 shows the City’s current speed zones and identifies each zone’s posted speed limit. The extent of the speed zones is designated by color coded solid or dashed lines. The speed limit designations on Figure 1 show the approximate midpoint of the speed zone and not the actual location of speed limit signs. According to the California MUTCD, speed limit signs, should be located at the points of change from one speed limit to another. Speed limit signs identifying the beginning of a speed zone are posted beyond an intersection. At the end of the speed zone, where a different speed limit applies, a speed limit sign showing the next speed limit is placed. For long speed zones, additional speed limit signs are installed a few hundred feet beyond major intersections or other locations to remind drivers of the speed limit. VI. Methodology The methodologies and procedures for preparing for preparing an E&T Survey are prescribed in the California MUTCD in accordance with the general requirements established in Section 627 of the CVC. Chapter 2B – Regulatory Signs, Barricades, and Gates, Section 2B.13, of the April 7, 2017, revision to the 2014 California MUTCD provides the standards and supporting guidance for preparing the E&T Surveys. Local agencies should conduct engineering studies at least once every 5, 7 or 10 years, in compliance with CVC Section 40802 to reevaluate non-statutory speed limits on segments of their roadways that have undergone significant changes since the last review. A. Data Collection In accordance with the CVC and the California MUTCD, data collected for the Adelanto E&T Survey included:  radar surveys of prevailing speeds on 68 road segments (speed zones)  review of collision data on the surveyed roads  field review of each speed zone to record conditions not readily apparent to drivers The selection of speed zones for the survey was based on existing speed zones and road segments before or after significant changes in the type and intensity of the adjacent land use, the width and configuration of the road, and the length of the segment between traffic control devices. The radar speed surveys were conducted by individuals certified in the proper use of radar guns and in accordance with the guidance in the California MUTCD. Figure 2 shows the location of the speed surveys. The radar survey data can be found in Appendix B.

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 11 Figure 1: City of Adelanto Speed Zones and Posted Speed Limits Figure 1 City of Adelanto Posted Speed Limits

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 12 Figure 2: City of Adelanto Speed Survey Locations Figure 2 City of Adelanto Speed Survey Locations

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 13 The speed data was initially reviewed for unusual readings or anomalies. For example, where the measured 85th percentile speed was significantly lower than the posted speed limit or the measured speed on an adjacent segment. Spot field reviews of the radar survey locations where anomalies were identified in the speed data. If the location was deemed inappropriate the survey would be retaken at a more suitable location. Field reviews of each speed zone were conducted after reviewing the initial speed survey data and resolving any anomalies. Field reviews focused on conditions not readily apparent to drivers along the length of the speed zone, but also observed driver behavior under various conditions. In some cases, the field review contributed to the justification to select the lower 5 mph increment of the 85th percentile speed. B. Collision Data Collision data used in this E&T Survey is from the City of Adelanto Local Roadway Safety Program (LRSP), completed in November 2021, which compiled and analyzed collision records from the California Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System (SWITRS) for a six-year period from 2014 to 2019. The data included all reported collisions occurring in Adelanto (except Highway 395 which is a state facility) with severities ranging from property damage only to fatal collisions. Table 2 summarizes the number collisions in the City of Adelanto between 2014 and 2019 by severity. In the six-year period, there were 464 collisions at all levels of severity. Table 2: Total Collisions by Severity, City of Adelanto, 2014-2019 To identify collisions or collision trends that might be an important factor to consider when recommending speed limits, the data was distilled to collisions that did not occur within intersections controlled with a traffic control device and those for which the primary causation was unsafe speed. Of the total collisions (464) in the six-year period, there were 39 (8%) speed related collisions (those with a primary collision factor of “unsafe speed”). Of the 39 total speed related collisions, 21 occurred on roads where speed surveyed were conducted. The types of collisions at these locations included overturn, sideswipe, rear end, hit object, and (rarely) head-on. Except for one segment of surveyed road, the speed related crashes were one-time isolated incidents and did not signify a trend of collisions that might be mitigated with a change in the speed limit. The one exception is on Bellflower Street between Mojave Road and Rancho Road (survey index #17) concentrated at a curve in the road. Entities Involved in Collision Fatal Severe Injury Other Visible Injury Complaint of Pain Subtotal Fatal + Injury Property Damage Only Total (% of Total) Motor Vehicle Involved with Motor Vehicle / Fixed Object 1 12 43 77 133 303 436 (94.5%) Motor Vehicle Involved with Pedestrian 2 1 4 11 18 0 18 (3.4%) Motor Vehicle Involved with Bicycle 0 0 6 4 10 0 10 (2.1%) Total Collisions (% of Total) 3 (0.6%) 13 (2.8%) 53 (11.4%) 92 (19.8%) 161 (34.7%) 303 (63.3%) 464 (100%) Source: Local Roadway Safety Plan (LRSP) Final Report, City of Adelanto. David Evans and Associates, Inc. November 3, 2021.

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 14 The concentration of speed related collisions occurs at an S-curve on Bellflower Street located about 3,200 feet south of Rancho Road. The curve is signed with an advisory speed of 30 mph in both directions and there are pavements markings and additional warning signs approaching and within the curve to warn drivers to reduce speed. Because the curve is marked with highly conspicuous traffic control devices it is not considered a “condition not readily apparent to drivers” and therefore it does not affect setting the speed limit for the zone. Further, the recently completed Local Roadway Safety Program (LRSP) recommends replacement of the existing warning signs and the installation of additional advanced warning measures to improve conspicuity of the approaching curve and the advisory speed. VII. Speed Limit Recommendations As stated in Chapter III in the section on prevailing speeds and establishing speed limits, determining speed limits relies on the basis that a reasonable speed limit is one that conforms to the actual behavior of the majority of drivers defined as the observed 85th percentile speed of free-flowing traffic. The standard for setting a speed limit in the California MUTCD is to establish the speed limit at the 85th percentile speed rounded to the nearest 5 mph increment. The CVC and the MUTCD provide specific guidance for lowering the speed limit by rounding the 85th percentile speed to the lowest 5 mph increment. The guidance includes:  A local authority can lower the speed limit below the 85th percentile speed rounded to the nearest 5 mph increment by an additional 5 mph based on collision history, roadside conditions not readily apparent to the driver, residential densities, and bicycle and pedestrian safety including children, seniors, persons with disabilities, users of personal assistive mobility devices, and the unhoused. the reasons and conditions (CVC 627 and 22358.5)  In cases in which the speed limit needs to be rounded up to the nearest five miles per hour increment of the 85th-percentile speed, the local authority may decide to instead round down the speed limit to the lower five miles per hour increment if no further reduction is applied. The local authority may additionally lower the speed limit as provided in Section 22358.7 (CVC 22358.6). The California MUTCD cautions that setting a speed limit at more than 5 mph below the 85th percentile speed should be done with great care as studies have shown that posted speed limits at less than the 85th percentile generally results in an increase in collision rates and make violators of a disproportionate number of the reasonable majority of safe and prudent drivers. Table 3 presents the results of the speed surveys and the recommended speed limits in accordance with the standards and guidelines describe above. Information shown in the table for each roadway includes the extents of the speed zone, the number of lanes (both directions) and functional classification, speed survey results (10 mph pace, 50th and 85th percentile speed), the existing posted and recommended speed limit. The final column includes the justification for changes in the current speed limit and denotes reasons for locations where the recommended speed limit is rounded to the nearest lower 5 mph increment where typical rounding would have been to the nearest higher 5 mph increment. Table 3 recommends increasing the speed limit in 45 (67%) of the 67 speed zones surveyed indicated by the shaded cells in the recommended column. The following summarizes the speed limit recommendations by 5 mph increments above the existing posted speed limit.

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 15 Table 3: Speed Zone Analysis and Recommended Speed Limits

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 16 Table 3: Speed Zone Analysis and Recommended Speed Limits (Continued)

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 17 Table 3: Speed Zone Analysis and Recommended Speed Limits (Continued)

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 18 Table 3: Speed Zone Analysis and Recommended Speed Limits (Continued)

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 19 A. List of Roads Grouped by Recommended Increase in Speed Limit Roadway Segments with a Recommended Speed Limit Increase of 5 mph: Adelanto Road between:  Air Expressway and Bartlett Avenue Mojave St between:  Highway 395 and Jonathon Road Jonathon Road between:  Begonia Road and Seneca Road  Seneca Road and Victor Street  Victor Street and Mojave Street Victor St between:  Jonathon Road and Bellflower Street  Bellflower Street and Verbena Road  Verbena Road and Aster Road Bellflower Street between:  Seneca Road and Victor Street  Victor Street and Mojave Street  Rancho Road and Air Expressway Air Expressway between:  Adelanto Road and Pearmain Street  Highway 395 and Bellflower Street  Bellflower Street and Aster Road  Aster Road and Raccoon Avenue Koala Road between:  Yucca Road and Air Expressway  Air Expressway and Chamberlaine Way  Chamberlaine Way and El Mirage Road Bartlett Avenue between:  Highway 395 and Bellflower Street  Bellflower Street and Aster Road Chamberlaine Way between:  Jonathon Road and Highway 395  Aster Road and Koala Road El Mirage Road between:  Koala Road and City Limit Line Roadway Segments with a Recommended Speed Limit Increase of 10 mph: Pearmain Street between:  Air Expressway and Bartlett Avenue Rancho Road between:  Emerald Road and Adelanto Road Aster Road between:  Seneca Road and Victor Street  Victor Street and Mojave Street Seneca Road between:  Jonathon Road and Bellflower Street  Bellflower Street and Verbena Road  Verbena Road and Aster Road Mojave Street between:  Jonathon Road and Bellflower Street  Bellflower Street and Verbena Road  Verbena Road and Aster Road Air Expressway between:  Pearmain Street and Highway 395

Speed Zoning Engineering & Traffic Survey City of Adelanto Page 20 VIII. Appendices Appendix A – California Vehicle Code Laws and Regulations for Establishing Speed Limits Appendix B – Radar Speed Survey Data

APPENDIX A CALIFORNIA VEHICLE CODE LAWS AND REGULATIONS FOR ESTABLISHING SPEED LIMITS

APPENDIX A LAWS AND REGULATIONS FOR ESTABLISHING SPEED LIMITS CALIFORNIA VEHICLE CODE (As of January 1, 2022) (Note: Codes designated with the superscript “” have been amended as of January 1, 2022) Code No. Topic Code Text DIVISION 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED [100 - 681] (Division 1 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.) 235 Business District A “business district” is that portion of a highway and the property contiguous thereto (a) upon one side of which highway, for a distance of 600 feet, 50 percent or more of the contiguous property fronting thereon is occupied by buildings in use for business, or (b) upon both sides of which highway, collectively, for a distance of 300 feet, 50 percent or more of the contiguous property fronting thereon is so occupied. A business district may be longer than the distances specified in this section if the above ratio of buildings in use for business to the length of the highway exists. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.) 240 Business and Residence Districts: Determination In determining whether a highway is within a business or residence district, the following limitations shall apply and shall qualify the definitions in Sections 235 and 515: (a) No building shall be regarded unless its entrance faces the highway and the front of the building is within 75 feet of the roadway. (b) Where a highway is physically divided into two or more roadways only those buildings facing each roadway separately shall be regarded for the purpose of determining whether the roadway is within a district. (c) All churches, apartments, hotels, multiple dwelling houses, clubs, and public buildings, other than schools, shall be deemed to be business structures. (d) A highway or portion of a highway shall not be deemed to be within a district regardless of the number of buildings upon the contiguous property if there is no right of access to the highway by vehicles from the contiguous property. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.) 515 Residence District A “residence district” is that portion of a highway and the property contiguous thereto, other than a business district, (a) upon one side of which highway, within a distance of a quarter of a mile, the contiguous property fronting thereon is occupied by 13 or more separate dwelling houses or business structures, or (b) upon both sides of which highway, collectively, within a distance of a quarter of a mile, the contiguous property fronting thereon is occupied by 16 or more separate dwelling houses or business structures. A residence district may be longer than one-quarter of a mile if the above ratio of separate dwelling houses or business structures to the length of the highway exists. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.) 627 Engineering and Traffic Survey (a) “Engineering and traffic survey,” as used in this code, means a survey of highway and traffic conditions in accordance with methods determined by the Department of Transportation for use by state and local authorities.

(b) An engineering and traffic survey shall include, among other requirements deemed necessary by the department, consideration of all of the following: (1) Prevailing speeds as determined by traffic engineering measurements. (2) Accident records. (3) Highway, traffic, and roadside conditions not readily apparent to the driver. (c) When conducting an engineering and traffic survey, local authorities, in addition to the factors set forth in paragraphs (1) to (3), inclusive, of subdivision (b) may consider all of the following: (1) Residential density, if any of the following conditions exist on the particular portion of highway and the property contiguous thereto, other than a business district: (A) Upon one side of the highway, within a distance of a quarter of a mile, the contiguous property fronting thereon is occupied by 13 or more separate dwelling houses or business structures. (B) Upon both sides of the highway, collectively, within a distance of a quarter of a mile, the contiguous property fronting thereon is occupied by 16 or more separate dwelling houses or business structures. (C) The portion of highway is longer than one-quarter of a mile but has the ratio of separate dwelling houses or business structures to the length of the highway described in either subparagraph (A) or (B). (2) Safety of bicyclists and pedestrians, with increased consideration for vulnerable pedestrian groups including children, seniors, persons with disabilities, users of personal assistive mobility devices, and the unhoused. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 690, Sec. 1. (AB 43) Effective January 1, 2022.) DIVISION 11. RULES OF THE ROAD [21000 - 23336] (Division 11 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.) CHAPTER 2. Traffic Signs, Signals, and Markings [21350 - 21468] (Chapter 2 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.) ARTICLE 2. Official Traffic Control Devices [21400 - 21401] (Article 2 repealed and added by Stats. 1969, Ch. 1033.) 21400 Uniform Standards (a) The Department of Transportation shall, after consultation with local agencies and public hearings, adopt rules and regulations prescribing uniform standards and specifications for all official traffic control devices placed pursuant to this code, including, but not limited to, stop signs, yield right-of-way signs, speed restriction signs, railroad warning approach signs, street name signs, lines and markings on the roadway, and stock crossing signs placed pursuant to Section 21364. (b) The Department of Transportation shall, after notice and public hearing, determine and publicize the specifications for uniform types of warning signs, lights, and devices to be placed upon a highway by a person engaged in performing work that interferes with or endangers the safe movement of traffic upon that highway. (c) Only those signs, lights, and devices as are provided for in this section shall be placed upon a highway to warn traffic of work that is being performed on the highway. (d) Control devices or markings installed upon traffic barriers on or after January 1, 1984, shall conform to the uniform standards and specifications required by this section. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 690, Sec. 2. (AB 43) Effective January 1, 2022.)

CHAPTER 7. Speed Laws [22348 - 22413] (Chapter 7 enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.) ARTICLE 1. Generally [22348 - 22366] (Heading of Article 1 amended by Stats. 1959, Ch. 11.) 22349 Maximum Speed Limit (a) Except as provided in Section 22356, no person may drive a vehicle upon a highway at a speed greater than 65 miles per hour. (b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person may drive a vehicle upon a two-lane, undivided highway at a speed greater than 55 miles per hour unless that highway, or portion thereof, has been posted for a higher speed by the Department of Transportation or appropriate local agency upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey. For purposes of this subdivision, the following apply: (1) A two-lane, undivided highway is a highway with not more than one through lane of travel in each direction. (2) Passing lanes may not be considered when determining the number of through lanes. (c) It is the intent of the Legislature that there be reasonable signing on affected two- lane, undivided highways described in subdivision (b) in continuing the 55 miles-per- hour speed limit, including placing signs at county boundaries to the extent possible, and at other appropriate locations. (Amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 724, Sec. 41. Effective January 1, 2000.) 22350 Basic Speed Law No person shall drive a vehicle upon a highway at a speed greater than is reasonable or prudent having due regard for weather, visibility, the traffic on, and the surface and width of, the highway, and in no event at a speed which endangers the safety of persons or property. (Amended by Stats. 1963, Ch. 252.) 22351 Speed Law Violations (a) The speed of any vehicle upon a highway not in excess of the limits specified in Section 22352 or established as authorized in this code is lawful unless clearly proved to be in violation of the basic speed law. (b) The speed of any vehicle upon a highway in excess of the prima facie speed limits in Section 22352 or established as authorized in this code is prima facie unlawful unless the defendant establishes by competent evidence that the speed in excess of said limits did not constitute a violation of the basic speed law at the time, place and under the conditions then existing. (Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.) 22352 Prima Facie Speed Limits The prima facie limits are as follows and shall be applicable unless changed as authorized in this code and, if so changed, only when signs have been erected giving notice thereof: (a) Fifteen miles per hour: (1) When traversing a railway grade crossing, if during the last 100 feet of the approach to the crossing the driver does not have a clear and unobstructed view of the crossing and of any traffic on the railway for a distance of 400 feet in both directions along the railway. This subdivision does not apply in the case of any railway grade crossing where a human flagperson is on duty or a clearly visible electrical or mechanical railway crossing signal device is installed but does not then indicate the immediate approach of a railway train or car. (2) When traversing any intersection of highways if during the last 100 feet of the driver’s approach to the intersection the driver does not have a clear and unobstructed view of the intersection and of any traffic upon all of the highways entering the intersection for a distance of 100 feet along all those highways, except at an intersection protected by stop signs or yield right-of-way signs or controlled by official traffic control signals. (3) On any alley.

(b) Twenty-five miles per hour: (1) On any highway, in any business or residence district unless a different speed is determined by local authority or the Department of Transportation under procedures set forth in this code. (2) When approaching or passing a school building or the grounds thereof, contiguous to a highway and posted with a standard “SCHOOL” warning sign, while children are going to or leaving the school either during school hours or during the noon recess period. The prima facie limit shall also apply when approaching or passing any school grounds which are not separated from the highway by a fence, gate, or other physical barrier while the grounds are in use by children and the highway is posted with a standard “SCHOOL” warning sign. For purposes of this subparagraph, standard “SCHOOL” warning signs may be placed at any distance up to 500 feet away from school grounds. (3) When passing a senior center or other facility primarily used by senior citizens, contiguous to a street other than a state highway and posted with a standard “SENIOR” warning sign. A local authority may erect a sign pursuant to this paragraph when the local agency makes a determination that the proposed signing should be implemented. A local authority may request grant funding from the Active Transportation Program pursuant to Chapter 8 (commencing with Section 2380) of Division 3 of the Streets and Highways Code, or any other grant funding available to it, and use that grant funding to pay for the erection of those signs or may utilize any other funds available to it to pay for the erection of those signs, including, but not limited to, donations from private sources. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 690, Sec. 3. (AB 43) Effective January 1, 2022.) 22356 Maximum Speed on State Highways (a) Whenever the Department of Transportation, after consultation with the Department of the California Highway Patrol, determines upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey on existing highway segments, or upon the basis of appropriate design standards and projected traffic volumes in the case of newly constructed highway segments, that a speed greater than 65 miles per hour would facilitate the orderly movement of vehicular traffic and would be reasonable and safe upon any state highway, or portion thereof, that is otherwise subject to a maximum speed limit of 65 miles per hour, the Department of Transportation, with the approval of the Department of the California Highway Patrol, may declare a higher maximum speed of 70 miles per hour for vehicles not subject to Section 22406, and shall cause appropriate signs to be erected giving notice thereof. The Department of Transportation shall only make a determination under this section that is fully consistent with, and in full compliance with, federal law. (b) No person shall drive a vehicle upon that highway at a speed greater than 70 miles per hour, as posted. (c) This section shall become operative on the date specified in subdivision (c) of Section 22366. (Repealed (in Sec. 26) and added by Stats. 1995, Ch. 766, Sec. 27. Effective January 1, 1996. This section became operative, by its own provisions, on the date described in Section 22366.) 22357 Increase of Local Speed Limits (a) Whenever a local authority determines upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey that a speed greater than 25 miles per hour would facilitate the orderly movement of vehicular traffic and would be reasonable and safe upon any street other than a state highway otherwise subject to a prima facie limit of 25 miles per hour, the local authority may by ordinance determine and declare a prima facie speed limit of 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, or 60 miles per hour or a maximum speed limit of 65 miles per hour,

whichever is found most appropriate to facilitate the orderly movement of traffic and is reasonable and safe. The declared prima facie or maximum speed limit shall be effective when appropriate signs giving notice thereof are erected upon the street and shall not thereafter be revised except upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey. This section does not apply to any 25-mile-per-hour prima facie limit which is applicable when passing a school building or the grounds thereof or when passing a senior center or other facility primarily used by senior citizens. (b) This section shall become operative on the date specified in subdivision (c) of Section 22366. (Repealed (in Sec. 28) and added by Stats. 1995, Ch. 766, Sec. 29. Effective January 1, 1996. This section became operative, by its own provisions, on the date described in Section 22366.) 22357.1 Decrease Near Children's Playgrounds in a Public Park Notwithstanding Section 22357, a local authority may, by ordinance or resolution, set a prima facie speed limit of 25 miles per hour on any street, other than a state highway, adjacent to any children’s playground in a public park but only during particular hours or days when children are expected to use the facilities. The 25 mile per hour speed limit shall be effective when signs giving notice of the speed limit are posted. (Added by Stats. 1989, Ch. 508, Sec. 1.) 22358 Decrease of Local Speed Limits (a) Whenever a local authority determines upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey that the limit of 65 miles per hour is more than is reasonable or safe upon any portion of any street other than a state highway where the limit of 65 miles per hour is applicable, the local authority may by ordinance determine and declare a prima facie speed limit of 60, 55, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, or 15 miles per hour, whichever is found most appropriate to facilitate the orderly movement of traffic and is reasonable and safe, which declared prima facie limit shall be effective when appropriate signs giving notice thereof are erected upon the street. (b) This section shall become operative on the date specified in subdivision (c) of Section 22366. (Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 690, Sec. 5. (AB 43) Effective January 1, 2022.) 22358.3 Decrease of Local Speed Limits on Narrow Streets Whenever a local authority determines upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey that the prima facie speed limit of 25 miles per hour in a business or residence district or in a public park on any street having a roadway not exceeding 25 feet in width, other than a state highway, is more than is reasonable or safe, the local authority may, by ordinance or resolution, determine and declare a prima facie speed limit of 20 or 15 miles per hour, whichever is found most appropriate and is reasonable and safe. The declared prima facie limit shall be effective when appropriate signs giving notice thereof are erected upon the street. (Amended by Stats. 1972, Ch. 1095.) 22358.4 Decrease of Local Limits Near Schools (a) (1) Whenever a local authority determines upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey that the prima facie speed limit of 25 miles per hour established by subdivision (b) of Section 22352 is more than is reasonable or safe, the local authority may, by ordinance or resolution, determine and declare a prima facie speed limit of 20 or 15 miles per hour, whichever is justified as the appropriate speed limit by that survey. (2) An ordinance or resolution adopted under paragraph (1) shall not be effective until appropriate signs giving notice of the speed limit are erected upon the highway and, in the case of a state highway, until the ordinance is approved by the Department of Transportation and the appropriate signs are erected upon the highway. (b) (1) Notwithstanding subdivision (a) or any other provision of law, a local authority may, by ordinance or resolution, determine and declare prima facie speed limits as follows: (A) A 15 miles per hour prima facie limit in a residence district, on a highway with a posted speed limit of 30 miles per hour or slower, when approaching, at a distance of less than 500 feet from, or passing, a school building or the grounds of a school

building, contiguous to a highway and posted with a school warning sign that indicates a speed limit of 15 miles per hour, while children are going to or leaving the school, either during school hours or during the noon recess period. The prima facie limit shall also apply when approaching, at a distance of less than 500 feet from, or passing, school grounds that are not separated from the highway by a fence, gate, or other physical barrier while the grounds are in use by children and the highway is posted with a school warning sign that indicates a speed limit of 15 miles per hour. (B) A 25 miles per hour prima facie limit in a residence district, on a highway with a posted speed limit of 30 miles per hour or slower, when approaching, at a distance of 500 to 1,000 feet f