Jefferson County, Florida: Overview and History
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The Frame
This document provides foundational geographic, demographic, and historical data for Jefferson County, Florida, which serves as a reference for the county's administrative and social profile.
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Residents of Jefferson County
Residents are subject to the county's administrative, geographic, and historical conditions described.
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Summary
Key Facts
- Jefferson County was founded on January 20, 1827, and named after Thomas Jefferson.
- The county seat and largest city is Monticello.
- The 2020 census recorded a population of 14,510, with a 2025 estimate of 16,007.
- The county covers a total area of 637 square miles, with 598 square miles of land and 38 square miles of water.
- Jefferson County is the third most rural county in Florida.
- There are no traffic signals within the entire county.
- The county is part of the Tallahassee, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
- In 1860, the county population was 9,876, with 64% being Black.
- By 1870, the population grew to 13,968, with 72% being Black.
- The Freedmen's Bureau established an office in Monticello in early 1866.
- The county contains several historical forts, including Fort Roger Jones, Fort Noel, Camp Carter, Fort Welaunee, Fort Aucilla, and Fort Wacissa.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Why It Matters
This document provides foundational geographic, demographic, and historical data for Jefferson County, Florida, which serves as a reference for the county's administrative and social profile.
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Patterns POLISCOPE noticed across the record. These are observations to investigate, not conclusions.
Post-Civil War Population Growth
The county experienced significant population growth and a demographic shift in the Black population between 1860 and 1870 following emancipation.
Connected Entities
Sources
en.wikipedia.org
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